The National Park of Kerkini Lake is one of the most beautiful and ecologically significant areas in Greece, located in the northern part of the country, near the border with Bulgaria. It’s a prime destination for nature lovers, birdwatchers, and those seeking tranquility in a stunning natural setting. The artificial lake, created in 1932 by damming the Strymonas River, has since become a thriving ecosystem and a protected area under the Ramsar Convention. Here’s a guide to exploring Kerkini Lake as a sightseeing destination:
1. Birdwatching Paradise
Lake Kerkini is internationally renowned for birdwatching. The lake is one of the most important wetlands in Europe, attracting over 300 species of birds, many of which are rare or endangered. Some of the highlights include:
- Dalmatian pelicans and great white pelicans (among the largest colonies in Europe).
- Various species of herons, flamingos, and cormorants.
- Raptors such as white-tailed eagles and lesser spotted eagles.
- Migratory birds during spring and autumn, including storks and cranes.
Birdwatching can be done year-round, but the best times are in spring and autumn when migratory birds pass through. Viewing platforms and guided boat tours are available to help visitors spot these majestic birds in their natural habitats.
2. Boat Tours on the Lake
One of the best ways to experience the beauty and wildlife of Kerkini Lake is by taking a boat tour. Traditional wooden boats, called plaves, glide through the calm waters of the lake, offering you close-up views of the bird colonies, water buffalo grazing by the shores, and the lush vegetation that thrives in this wetland. These boat trips are led by local guides who provide insights into the flora, fauna, and history of the area.
The reflection of the mountains on the water, particularly the Belasitsa and Krousia Mountains that surround the lake, adds to the serene and picturesque atmosphere.
3. Hiking and Cycling
The area around Kerkini Lake is perfect for hiking and cycling, with several trails that allow you to explore the wetlands, forests, and surrounding hills. Paths take you through the villages near the lake, offering views of the water and its wildlife, as well as access to various observation points. The Krousia and Belasitsa Mountain ranges offer excellent hiking routes with panoramic views over the lake and beyond, especially for those who enjoy combining nature walks with birdwatching.
Cycling tours are also available, with bike rentals offered in the nearby villages. These tours are an enjoyable way to explore the quieter areas of the national park.
4. Water Buffalo and Local Fauna
Kerkini Lake is famous for its water buffalo population, which thrives in the wetlands. These buffaloes are an important part of the ecosystem, grazing in the shallow waters and helping to maintain the balance of the lake’s vegetation. You can often see them from the shore or during boat tours. Besides buffalo, the region is also home to otters, wild boars, foxes, and other mammals.
In addition, fish species like carp and catfish inhabit the waters of Kerkini, supporting local fishing traditions.
5. Mount Belles (Belasitsa)
The Belles Mountain (or Belasitsa in Bulgarian), which forms a dramatic backdrop to Kerkini Lake, is ideal for hikers and nature enthusiasts. With an elevation of over 2,000 meters, it offers challenging hiking routes and incredible views over the lake and surrounding countryside. During hikes, you can encounter diverse flora and fauna, and in winter, the snow-capped peaks create a stunning contrast with the lake below.
6. Villages Around Kerkini
Several traditional villages surround the lake, offering an opportunity to experience the local culture and cuisine. Kerkini Village, the most popular starting point for boat tours, is a great place to enjoy traditional Macedonian cuisine in local tavernas, including dishes made from water buffalo meat and fish from the lake. Another notable village is Lithotopos, near the dam, where you can also enjoy excellent views of the lake.
7. Environmental Education Center
The Kerkini Lake Environmental Education Center is located in Kerkini Village and provides valuable information about the lake’s ecosystem, history, and conservation efforts. It’s an excellent stop for those who want to learn more about the region’s environmental significance. The center often organizes guided tours and activities for visitors, focusing on the local wildlife and efforts to preserve this unique wetland habitat.
8. Photography
Kerkini Lake is a paradise for photographers due to its diverse landscapes, abundant wildlife, and dramatic seasonal changes. The stillness of the lake, especially during sunrise or sunset, creates perfect opportunities for capturing reflections of the mountains, birds in flight, and the peaceful environment of the wetlands. Many visitors come specifically to photograph the flamingos, pelicans, and other migratory birds in this idyllic setting.
9. Fishing and Canoeing
The calm waters of Kerkini Lake are ideal for canoeing or kayaking, allowing you to explore hidden corners of the lake at your own pace. Canoeing offers an intimate way to experience the lake’s ecosystem, allowing you to get close to the birdlife without disturbing the natural environment. In addition to birdwatching, fishing enthusiasts can enjoy fishing tours with local guides, targeting species such as carp and catfish.
10. Seasonal Activities
- Spring and Summer: These seasons are the best for birdwatching, with migratory birds flocking to the lake, and it’s also when the lake is lush and full of life. You can enjoy boat tours, hiking, and exploring the villages around the lake.
- Autumn: A great time for photography and birdwatching, as the trees and wetlands take on beautiful autumn colors, and migratory birds return to the lake.
- Winter: The landscape around the lake becomes more serene and snowy, and while fewer birds are present, the winter scenery with the snow-capped mountains is breathtaking. Winter is also a quieter time for visitors, perfect for those seeking peace and solitude.
11. Nearby Attractions
Kerkini Lake is not far from other notable northern Greek destinations. You can easily combine your visit with a trip to Serres, a charming town with historical and cultural sites, or venture further north to the Angitis Cave or the Roupel Fort, a historical WWII site near the Bulgarian border.
Overall Experience:
The National Park of Kerkini Lake is a destination that offers both relaxation and adventure in a pristine natural environment. Whether you’re interested in birdwatching, hiking, photography, or simply soaking in the beauty of the wetlands, Kerkini provides a perfect escape into nature. The region’s rich biodiversity, combined with its stunning landscapes, makes it one of the most remarkable and peaceful spots in Greece.